WolfUp Basketball Playbook

TACTIC 08 · 3v3 / 4v4 / 5v5

Pin Down

什么是下掩护？What is a Pin Down?

下掩护是朝底线方向做的掩护：掩护人从高位下沉去挡住防守人，底线附近的队友借这道掩护上提到侧翼或弧顶，干净地接到球。A pin down is a screen set down toward the baseline: the screener drops to block the defender so a teammate below can run up to the wing or the top and catch it clean.

Also calleddown screen · pindown · screen down

Terms used hereScreenEndlineWing

难度Difficulty
3/5
适用人数Formats
3v3 · 4v4 · 5v5

连续分步动画Continuous step animation

先看整体，再逐步拆解See the whole action, then inspect each step

1/4 射手先压到底线Shooter sets up low

静态战术图Static play diagram

下掩护战术图：四步跑位一图看完Pin Down diagram: all four steps on one board

Pin Down basketball play diagram: four steps of the 4v4 action, offense numbered 1 to 4, defenders marked ×.
按 4v4 站位绘制，与上方动画的默认人数一致。长按或右键即可保存，带到球场上讲。Drawn at 4v4, the same format the animation above opens on. Save it and bring it to the court.

跑法总览Action overview

先看下掩护如何完整运转See how the Pin Down flows end to end

射手先沉到底线把防守带低；掩护人从高位下来，站在追防的回追路线上。射手贴肩向上提，根据追防方式选择直接接球投篮、卷切进禁区或急停反跑。The shooter walks the defender toward the baseline while the screener comes down from the top and pins the defender's recovery path. The shooter pops up tight off the screen and reads the chase: catch-and-shoot, curl into the lane, or backcut.

战术意图Tactical intent

下掩护要解决什么问题？What problem does the Pin Down solve?

让射手在移动中接球，并迫使防守选择追防、穿过或换防。Free a shooter on the move and force the defense to chase over, go under, or switch.

四步跑法Four-step walkthrough

怎么跑下掩护？How do you run the Pin Down?

  1. 1

    射手先压到底线Shooter sets up low

  2. 2

    掩护人向下站稳Screener pins down

  3. 3

    射手贴肩上提Shooter cuts tightly upward

  4. 4

    接球投篮、卷切或急停Catch to shoot, curl, or stop

教练口令Coaching cues

跑下掩护时队友只需要记住什么？What should players remember in the Pin Down?

  • 射手先走反方向Shooter walks the defender down first
  • 掩护站在防守路径上Screen the defender's path
  • 读防守决定直线或卷切Read the chase: straight cut or curl

执行细节Execution details

下掩护最容易跑错在哪里？Where does the Pin Down usually break down?

  • 接球人提前启动，掩护尚未站稳Leaving before the down screen is set
  • 接球人离掩护太远，让追防者穿过Running too far from the screener

训练方法Practice method

训练中怎么练熟下掩护？How should a team practice the Pin Down?

教练持球的 2v2 下掩护阅读，三次连续正确阅读后转为 live。Coach-passed 2v2 pin-down reads, then play live after three correct reps.

人数变形Format variations

下掩护在 3v3、4v4、5v5 怎么调整？How does the Pin Down change in 3v3, 4v4 and 5v5?

3v3
底线射手上提Baseline shooter lift
4v4
单侧下掩护Single-side pin down
5v5
双侧下掩护Two-side pin downs

4v4 备战变化4v4 variations for game prep

  • Pin-down catch-and-shoot

    标准单侧下掩护，射手直线上提接球投篮。Standard single-side pin-down for a straight pop and shoot.

  • Curl and pop

    追防贴身时射手卷切进禁区，掩护人外弹接第二传。Against a tight chase the shooter curls to the lane and the screener pops for the second pass.

防守怎么守How it is guarded

怎么防守下掩护？How do you defend the Pin Down?

每一种守法都要放弃一点东西，问题只是放弃哪一点。下面是常见的几种，以及它们各自留下的口子。Every coverage gives something up; the only question is what. These are the common ones and the opening each of them leaves.

追防挤过Chase over the top

防守者紧贴着射手，从掩护上方挤过去，不让他在外线接到球。The defender stays attached and fights over the top of the screen to deny the catch on the perimeter.

进攻怎么打：What beats it: 被贴得越紧，越应该卷切。射手不外弹，而是紧贴着掩护弯向篮下——追防的人还在掩护另一侧，篮下没人接管。The tighter the chase, the better the curl. Instead of popping out, the shooter curls tight around the screen to the rim, and the chasing defender is still on the far side of it.

抢先顶出Top-lockLOCK

防守者绕到射手上方，抢先卡在他和掩护之间，逼他根本用不上这次掩护。The defender gets above the shooter and locks the top shoulder, so the screen can never be used.

进攻怎么打：What beats it: 顶出的标准答案是反跑。射手不往上走，直接从掩护和底线之间溜到篮下，掩护人顺势变成传球点。The answer to a top-lock is always the backdoor. The shooter goes down instead of up, between the screen and the baseline, and the screener becomes the passer.

换防Switch

两名防守者交换对位，射手直接被身高更高的人接管。The defenders trade and the shooter is picked up by the bigger of the two.

进攻怎么打：What beats it: 换防那一瞬间，掩护人身边站的是一个更小的防守者，而且他正背对篮筐。掩护完成后立刻转身封位要球，是这套防守最直接的代价。At the moment of the switch the screener has a smaller defender beside them, facing the wrong way. Turning and sealing for a post catch is the most direct price a switch pays.

从掩护下方绕过Go under

防守者走掩护和底线之间那条更短的路，先一步回到射手前面。他到得了，但到的是低位，而且是跟在后面到的。The defender takes the shorter path, inside the screen and along the baseline, and gets back in front first. He does arrive — low, and trailing.

进攻怎么打：What beats it: 从下面绕过就是把这一球送出去。射手不卷切，直接停在掩护上方接球出手；掩护人多站半秒，防守者就得再绕一次。Under is the coverage that says shoot it. The shooter does not curl; he plants above the screen and lets it go, and the screener stays put half a second longer so the recovery has to go around him twice.

容易混淆的动作Often confused with

下掩护和哪些动作容易混？What is the Pin Down often confused with?

下面这些动作和它长得像，但解决的问题不同。每一条只说那个决定性的区别。These look like it and solve a different problem. Each entry names the one difference that decides which is which.

下掩护 vs 外弹掩护Pin Down vs Flare Screen

该叫哪一个，取决于防守人站在哪。防守人贴着射手追，就用下掩护，让他被挡在后面；防守人已经离开射手去协防球，就用外弹掩护，把射手送到他回不来的那一侧。同一名射手，一场比赛里两种都会用到。Which one to call is decided by where the defender is standing. If he is chasing the shooter, run the pin down and leave him behind the screen. If he has already left the shooter to help on the ball, run the flare and send the shooter to the side he cannot recover to. The same shooter needs both in the same game.

下掩护 vs 连续双掩护Pin Down vs Stagger Screen

什么时候一道不够。防守只是追防，一道下掩护就够用；一旦对方开始抢先顶出或者直接换防，一道掩护就失效了，这时候需要第二道来改变角度——那就是连续双掩护。加掩护是被防守逼出来的，不是为了好看。One screen is enough while the defence is chasing. The moment they start top-locking or switching it, a single screen stops working and a second is needed to change the angle — which is a stagger. The extra screen is a response to a coverage, not decoration.

篮球掩护有哪些种类Types of Basketball Screens

相关战术Related tactics