WolfUp Basketball Playbook

TACTIC 08 · 3v3 / 4v4 / 5v5

下掩護Pin Down

掩護人從高位向低位移動，為底線隊友創造上提接球機會。A screener moves down toward the baseline to free a teammate cutting up for the catch.

也叫向下掩護 · 底線上提掩護down screen · pindown · screen down

難度Difficulty
3/5
適用人數Formats
3v3 · 4v4 · 5v5

連續分步動畫Continuous step animation

先看整體，再逐步拆解See the whole action, then inspect each step

1/4 射手先壓到底線Shooter sets up low

靜態戰術圖Static play diagram

下掩護戰術圖：四步跑位一圖看完Pin Down diagram: all four steps on one board

下掩護籃球戰術圖：4v4 四步跑位，進攻方標 1 到 4 號，防守方標 ×。
按 4v4 站位繪製，與上方動畫的默認人數一致。長按或右鍵即可保存，帶到球場上講。Drawn at 4v4, the same format the animation above opens on. Save it and bring it to the court.

跑法總覽Action overview

先看下掩護如何完整運轉See how the Pin Down flows end to end

射手先沉到底線把防守帶低；掩護人從高位下來，站在追防的回追路線上。射手貼肩向上提，根據追防方式選擇直接接球投籃、卷切進禁區或急停反跑。The shooter walks the defender toward the baseline while the screener comes down from the top and pins the defender's recovery path. The shooter pops up tight off the screen and reads the chase: catch-and-shoot, curl into the lane, or backcut.

以上說明依據 Coach’s Clipboard · Setting, Using and Reading Screens ↗ 的公開講解整理（非原文引用）。Paraphrased from Coach’s Clipboard · Setting, Using and Reading Screens ↗, not a verbatim quote.

戰術意圖Tactical intent

下掩護要解決什麼問題？What problem does the Pin Down solve?

讓射手在移動中接球，並迫使防守選擇追防、穿過或換防。Free a shooter on the move and force the defense to chase over, go under, or switch.

四步跑法Four-step walkthrough

怎麼跑下掩護？How do you run the Pin Down?

  1. 1

    射手先壓到底線Shooter sets up low

  2. 2

    掩護人向下站穩Screener pins down

  3. 3

    射手貼肩上提Shooter cuts tightly upward

  4. 4

    接球投籃、卷切或急停Catch to shoot, curl, or stop

教練口令Coaching cues

跑下掩護時隊友只需要記住什麼？What should players remember in the Pin Down?

  • 射手先走反方向Shooter walks the defender down first
  • 掩護站在防守路徑上Screen the defender's path
  • 讀防守決定直線或卷切Read the chase: straight cut or curl

執行細節Execution details

下掩護最容易跑錯在哪裡？Where does the Pin Down usually break down?

  • 接球人提前啟動，掩護尚未站穩Leaving before the down screen is set
  • 接球人離掩護太遠，讓追防者穿過Running too far from the screener

訓練方法Practice method

訓練中怎麼練熟下掩護？How should a team practice the Pin Down?

教練持球的 2v2 下掩護閱讀，三次連續正確閱讀後轉為 live。Coach-passed 2v2 pin-down reads, then play live after three correct reps.

人數變形Format variations

下掩護在 3v3、4v4、5v5 怎麼調整？How does the Pin Down change in 3v3, 4v4 and 5v5?

3v3
底線射手上提Baseline shooter lift
4v4
單側下掩護Single-side pin down
5v5
雙側下掩護Two-side pin downs

4v4 備戰變化4v4 variations for game prep

  • 下掩護接投籃Pin-down catch-and-shoot

    標準單側下掩護，射手直線上提接球投籃。Standard single-side pin-down for a straight pop and shoot.

  • 卷切 + 掩護人外彈Curl and pop

    追防貼身時射手卷切進禁區，掩護人外彈接第二傳。Against a tight chase the shooter curls to the lane and the screener pops for the second pass.

防守怎麼守How it is guarded

怎麼防守下掩護？How do you defend the Pin Down?

每一種守法都要放棄一點東西，問題只是放棄哪一點。下面是常見的幾種，以及它們各自留下的口子。Every coverage gives something up; the only question is what. These are the common ones and the opening each of them leaves.

追防擠過Chase over the top

防守者緊貼著射手，從掩護上方擠過去，不讓他在外線接到球。The defender stays attached and fights over the top of the screen to deny the catch on the perimeter.

進攻怎麼打：What beats it: 被貼得越緊，越應該卷切。射手不外彈，而是緊貼著掩護彎向籃下——追防的人還在掩護另一側，籃下沒人接管。The tighter the chase, the better the curl. Instead of popping out, the shooter curls tight around the screen to the rim, and the chasing defender is still on the far side of it.

搶先頂出Top-lockLOCK

防守者繞到射手上方，搶先卡在他和掩護之間，逼他根本用不上這次掩護。The defender gets above the shooter and locks the top shoulder, so the screen can never be used.

進攻怎麼打：What beats it: 頂出的標準答案是反跑。射手不往上走，直接從掩護和底線之間溜到籃下，掩護人順勢變成傳球點。The answer to a top-lock is always the backdoor. The shooter goes down instead of up, between the screen and the baseline, and the screener becomes the passer.

換防SwitchSWITCH

兩名防守者交換對位，射手直接被身高更高的人接管。The defenders trade and the shooter is picked up by the bigger of the two.

進攻怎麼打：What beats it: 換防那一瞬間，掩護人身邊站的是一個更小的防守者，而且他正背對籃筐。掩護完成後立刻轉身封位要球，是這套防守最直接的代價。At the moment of the switch the screener has a smaller defender beside them, facing the wrong way. Turning and sealing for a post catch is the most direct price a switch pays.

從掩護下方繞過Go under

防守者走掩護和底線之間那條更短的路，先一步回到射手前面。他到得了，但到的是低位，而且是跟在後面到的。The defender takes the shorter path, inside the screen and along the baseline, and gets back in front first. He does arrive — low, and trailing.

進攻怎麼打：What beats it: 從下面繞過就是把這一球送出去。射手不卷切，直接停在掩護上方接球出手；掩護人多站半秒，防守者就得再繞一次。Under is the coverage that says shoot it. The shooter does not curl; he plants above the screen and lets it go, and the screener stays put half a second longer so the recovery has to go around him twice.

容易混淆的動作Often confused with

下掩護和哪些動作容易混？What is the Pin Down often confused with?

下面這些動作和它長得像，但解決的問題不同。每一條只說那個決定性的區別。These look like it and solve a different problem. Each entry names the one difference that decides which is which.

下掩護 vs 外彈掩護Pin Down vs Flare Screen

該叫哪一個，取決於防守人站在哪。防守人貼著射手追，就用下掩護，讓他被擋在後面；防守人已經離開射手去協防球，就用外彈掩護，把射手送到他回不來的那一側。同一名射手，一場比賽裡兩種都會用到。Which one to call is decided by where the defender is standing. If he is chasing the shooter, run the pin down and leave him behind the screen. If he has already left the shooter to help on the ball, run the flare and send the shooter to the side he cannot recover to. The same shooter needs both in the same game.

下掩護 vs 連續雙掩護Pin Down vs Stagger Screen

什麼時候一道不夠。防守只是追防，一道下掩護就夠用；一旦對方開始搶先頂出或者直接換防，一道掩護就失效了，這時候需要第二道來改變角度——那就是連續雙掩護。加掩護是被防守逼出來的，不是為了好看。One screen is enough while the defence is chasing. The moment they start top-locking or switching it, a single screen stops working and a second is needed to change the angle — which is a stagger. The extra screen is a response to a coverage, not decoration.

相關戰術Related tactics